The Traditional Sama graduation from Quran Studies
The Sama of Tinoto, Maasim practice what they call traditional Islam, a large part of which is passed down through pangadjiꞌ, or particularly pangadjiꞌ pusakaꞌ, the teaching of the Quran in the home by a guru. This is the method that an ordinary member of community can become a pakil, a ritual specialist who takes part in religious ceremonies by chanting the Quran or with further studies, the Maulud.
